EU Workers country’s diversified economy and well-educated labor force make it attractive for foreign investment. The government promotes high-tech investments, boosts productivity and exports, supports entrepreneurship, science, research and development, and invests in infrastructure and smart cities. Foreign investment flows remain steady despite Russia’s full-scale war in Ukraine and political instability in the region.

However, the country’s political climate remains polarized and some investors worry about weak predictability. Some organizations, notably private business associations and labor unions, also criticize the outsized role of state-owned or state-controlled companies in the Polish economy, saying that they limit long-term balanced growth.

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Poland has a robust labor movement, though certain groups—private contractors and those working in essential services—cannot join unions. Complicated legal procedures impede workers’ ability to strike.

Unlike some other countries, Poland is not dependent on oil and gas imports, and it is one of the largest producers of natural gas in Europe. The country has a strong and competitive manufacturing sector, and the government is boosting infrastructure spending to insulate it from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

The country hosts more than 1.5 million refugees from Ukraine and is an important destination for international reconstruction projects. This influx of consumption has helped to offset weaker external demand and inflationary pressures, though it may eventually weigh on GDP growth.